Derec, where medical schools maintain a hard MCAT threshold, that minimum applies equally to all applicants, regardless of race.
That is true as far as it goes. But note that minimum MCAT is much lower than the average MCAT.
Take Medical College of Georgia. Average MCAT: 512. Minimum threshold: 496. That's a huge gulf, and plenty of space to smuggle in racial preferences. Unfortunately, MCG does not publish averages by race, and the only reason Duke did so was because of a DOJ lawsuit.
Once an applicant clears that threshold, admissions committees use a consistent rubric that weights a wide variety of metrics--not just GPA and test scores--to evaluate the candidate as a whole.
Including, inappropriately, race.
You are completely misrepresenting my point. "Mission fitness" is not an arbitrary racial multiplier; it is an evaluation of a candidate's alignment with a school’s specific goal, which often includes providing healthcare to underserved communities. Committees measure this through secondary essays, interviews, and proven track records of community service. When schools consistently weight these factors, certain demographics will naturally score higher in the aggregate because their backgrounds or experiences align more closely with those specific community needs. Just as some demographic groups aggregate higher on standardized tests, others aggregate higher on mission alignment.
You are missing my point. Unlike MCAT and GPA, evaluating these other things is highly subjective, and thus fertile ground for an adcom to bring in both their subconscious biases as well as any conscious desire to skirt the 2023 SCOTUS decision. Compare with Harvard College's infamous personality scores. I do not believe Asian students are >2x more disinterested in providing healthcare to the underserved than blacks any more than I think Asian applicants to Harvard consistently have bad personalities.
This does not exclude anyone. An individual white or Asian applicant can score perfectly on mission fitness, just as an applicant from any background can score a 528 on the MCAT. You are confusing population-level statistics with individual capabilities. Individuals are not aggregates, and aggregates are not individuals.
And you are confusing scores on a test with a concept such as "mission fitness" which is as subjective as it is nebulous. Perfect candidate to smuggle in considerations of race.
Ultimately, medicine is a hands-on profession centered on a goal of treating the sick. Your premise that standardized test scores are the sole valid metric for admission--and that any deviation from them is proof of a rigged system--ignores a range of other variables that actually predict a good doctor that will meet public needs.
I do not think standardized tests or even grades are the "sole valid metric". But I think weird secondary essays are virtually useless other than as a figleaf for adcoms to give a boost to whomever they like.
It seems like you are focusing on just a few medical schools out of many, and along the way, assuming your conclusion. Your observation began by pointing out differences in means across racial demographics, and you effectively said, "Aha, that proves discrimination!" For discrimination to be the prevalent cause, it would have to encompass the vast majority of the variance in the data. Yet you consistently handwave away any discussion of legitimate variance. You rinse and repeat: assume your conclusion as the only explanation for the differences. There doesn't seem to be a serious attempt to discuss the data or test alternative hypotheses; you just repeat your assumption.
To test this mathematically, I ran a simulation of a medical school similar to the Medical College of Georgia (MCG). Interestingly, this school accepts very few non-residents (~98% are in-state), which underscores the point again about geographic enrollment constraints. Using recent data, we have about 1,821 in-state US citizen and permanent resident applicants competing for roughly 304 enrollment spots.
Even assuming every medical school applicant in Georgia applies to this school, we can use the national MCAT and GPA means and standard deviations for each racial cohort to accurately represent the baseline applicant pool.
Then, I ran a holistic admissions committee scoring algorithm on that simulated pool. I made it 100% race-blind, and to your favor, I completely excluded any "mission fitness" variables or simulated questions about SES/economic adversity. The algorithm simply uses MCAT and GPA (accounting for the fact that the two are correlated, so they aren't completely independent) and adds three other completely race-blind metrics--it doesn't matter if they represent transcripts, recommendations, clinical work, community service, secondary essays, or interviews. That is 5 metrics weighted equally. ZERO "mission fitness," meaning no evaluations about where someone's career might take them (which would naturally give a fair aggregate advantage to Black and Hispanic applicants over White and Asian applicants). Just a pure, strictly race-blind holistic score.
The result? Black applicants still get accepted. Hispanic applicants still get accepted. And a significant gap between their MCAT means still naturally emerges. For example,
Asian matriculants can still have a 7.0+ higher MCAT mean over Black matriculants even under a strictly race-blind admissions algorithm.
This experiment isn't about whether or not I have found the exact proprietary weighting parameters that Georgia uses--I probably haven't. It's about mathematically proving that
multi-variate admissions packages are a major driver of the statistical differences you claimed are absolute proof of widespread discrimination.
Finally, this once again goes back to what
Jimmy Higgins wrote: broadly speaking, acceptance rates correlate with the MCAT means for the national demographics. Explaining the remaining variance is simply a matter of statistics skill, not assuming a national conspiracy.