In Das Kapital Marx only atributes value to those who produce. What he calls "labour power". He's a bit vague on exactly what counts. But I think it's safe to assume services that directly impact the workers quality of life, is included. Like doctors.
What is not included is admin. Or advertising. Or informing or coordinating people. That's just supposed to spontaneously work itself out in the workers paradise.
And note that Marx puts value on doing things efficiently. Figuring out how to do something better has negative "value". Bonkers.
I assume you meant to say, does
not put a value on doing things efficienty. Yeah, that's a huge flaw. And Marx builds upon Smith. So he should have known better. But like I said above, Marx starts out with the assumption that technological and scientific advancement will soon cease. Which was the zeitgeist then.
So I think we should read Marx as, after every industrial process has been optimised as far as it hypothetically can be optimised, after that we will have the communist revolution. It's still dumb. Entropy will kick in. But like I said... he was an early thinker about these things. Later thinkers have continued and optimised his ideas.
It's important to acknowledge that Marx was utopian, ie if we only solve this and that problem then we will have no more problems for ever more. For all his genius this utopian streak of his program is pretty unforgivable IMHO. But it's one of the many Christian influences on communism. He lived right in the peak of the Evangelical craze of the 19th century. Christians at the time were primed to think in utopian terms. I am convinced that he just got caught up in that way of thinking... probably.
I think you are way underestimating his sins.
We tend to think of the 19'th century as almost like the 20'th century. In the Enlightenment we got the idea that we could study the world scientifically. Marx got the idea that we could study human behaviour scientifically (there were others, but Marx is the one who really kickstarted it). He was the first guy. It wasn't until well into the 20'th century where we had collected enough data with which to start drawing sensible conclusions. Emile Durkheim being the main guy. His first publication of note was 1895. 50 years after the publication of the communist manifesto. The first real economist was John Ruskin, published his first major work in 1860. Adam Smith didn't base any of his work on data. He was a philosopher. It's pure hypothesis. Ruskin was the first economist to actual study something.
It's so easy to forget how early Marx is. Today we're completely marinated in studies and thinkers. Marx was the first one who thought, yeah, perhaps people's opinions, values and goals in life is shaped by incentives. He was the first guy who thought that. He basically had to pull all these ideas out of his ass. Well... Hegel and Adam Smith. But almost out of his ass.
In military theory there's a concept that says "geography is destiny". Basically... countries are going to do whatever they can get away with and it's geography limits what is possible. Marx was the first guy who thought that it perhaps might also apply to humans. He was also the first thinker who thought about the mind of the lesser orders of society, as something motivated by the same things as rich guys. Before this the nobility saw the working class as just a bunch of monkey that needed controlling. That love and care was wasted on them.
Marx opened a door that later thinkers could walk through. Especially sociologists, city planners etc.
I can't think of many thinkers who constructed vast theories out of whole cloth and got as much right as Marx. He's a pretty amazing guy. Newton and Alan Turing. Einstein maybe. There's not many guys in world history like this.
